THX-1138 (George Lucas, 1971)
"Could you be more... specific?"
It might be a controversial opinion but I still feel that THX-1138 is George Lucas' best film (and Warner Bros was on dystopian fire with this, The Devils and A Clockwork Orange released in the same year!). Despite its
Buck Rogers opening (and then immediately following it up with backwards running credits to match Kiss Me Deadly!), it is rather indebted to 1984 and dystopian sci-fi in general (with an added late 60s early 70s focus on drug experimentation on the one hand; and authoritarian cops ready to beat down the free thinkers with their truncheons on the other!) but I love the contrast of the clean white look of the shopping mall and parking garage world of the future and the grimy, dark and abandoned tunnels outside of the frequently trafficked areas. I particularly like the really abstract editing of the opening of the film showing a 'working day in the life' of the society, though even there we see LUH in the process of switching the medication and being viewed with suspicion by the camera in her smart bathroom cabinet, sending reports and samples of her voice back to Central Control for analysis!
THX is a technician with everything going for him. A good job, an easy commute and a partner in LUH. After a few episodes of illness and disorientation THX eventually finds out that LUH has weaned herself off of the cocktail of drugs that everybody takes and, in (forbidden) love with THX has decided to take him off them too. They have non-authorised sexual congress and make plans to flee the city after THX's next shift at the factory. However he is functioning poorly in his high risk, high concentration required job and it almost ends in disaster. LUH is removed from him without warning and replaced with SEN (Donald Pleasance), who tries unsuccessfully to take her place in THX's life but is only rebuffed and himself informed upon by THX in order to get rid of him. Both THX and SEN end up in an all white void prison and end up making an escape from it, getting split up in the process. Whilst SEN heartbreakingly tries to escape but turns back at the last moment, scared of the unknown awaiting him beyond the boundaries of the city, THX and fellow escapee SRT discover the horrible truth of what happened to LUH
literally turned into an incubator for the illegitimately conceived baby. Or maybe she was destroyed and the name and number affixed to a new foetus
and go on a wild spree through the city to try and escape the implacable robot footsoldiers marching after them.
This film has such a dark and blackly comic vision of the future, such as the way that whilst television has advanced to the level of a holographic projection (and in the *sigh* director's cut an automated masturbation machine) the actual
content of television has regressed (refined down?) into channels dedicated entirely to a sight of one sex or the other naked dancing to tribal beats, or the '24 hour police beating' channel (the news?). Or the way that all the children are learning by rote and literally having the knowledge pumped into their veins somehow! The comfort of a personalised interaction is both present but also automated because it has to be provided to every one of the masses, so the technology (like the
confessional box for religion) is talking to you directly but only providing the set programmed replies that it gives to everyone! Which to be fair is all that it really needs to do, because the masses are 'socialised' enough (through the drug regime) to have a pretty predictable range of problems that can be pre-programmed and accounted for. People are not coming to their medicine cabinet for help, or the confessional in despair and looking for answers, or watching television for a wider perspective on the world but appear to be just going to these places out of habit, as areas that once fed a need that is long lost and now it is just a ritual to be observed. These places of (albeit abstract) comfort have now become monitoring stations to check and alert the authorities behind the scenes of any deviant behaviour out of the norm.
The humanity behind the bland automated voices appears less in our heroes but more in the behind the scenes radio chatter of the technicians trying to keep the equipment going! Such as the duelling bureaucrats in the
mind lock scene or the one in the prison of the veteran operator training up the rookie in how to use the equipment and
using THX as the training subject! (It is the scene that I always think about if I see people doing wild abstract modern dance movements!) Similarly the 'Jesus box' is blandly impersonal and then we go behind the screen into the tangle of wires behind and see a small sliver of life in the insects behind (quite like the similar scene in the later Phase IV)
I kind of love the way that the superficially calm and ordered society is taking so much effort to keep functioning! But the highs and lows are blanded out (probably another drug reference) into a kind of emotional monotone where nothing ever has an impact, either positive or negative. So a section of the factory exploded and killed a number of workers (with a hunk of unidentifiable meat being dragged out by hooks), but that will just be something that will set the work schedule back a bit. Rebellion is kind of expected, or otherwise why would the surveillance be so intensive in the first place. They need subversives to justify the expense!
Speaking of which this film has one of the greatest car chase scenes in cinema, unique in the way that it is both thrilling and continually being stunted by events, as well as being masterful in its use of sound effects and editing to convey tension. SRT never even makes it out of the parking garage as he has difficulty figuring out the controls of the car! The engine of THX's car overheating leading to it stalling out and having to wait for it to cool down all whilst a computer voice ticks off the gap between THX and the quickly closing in chasing police bikes is a wonderful moment of contrasting inaction with the high speed whine of the bikes. And that all pushes on into the final foot chase section where the authorities have calculated in their cost-benefit analysis that it will cost too much after a certain point to chase THX and return him to the city and the robotic pursuers are reduced to plaintively calling for THX to come back, as he presses onward into the unknown.
So THX does not escape through ingenuity or skill, he just uses all their money up until they have to let him leave! I suppose like filmmakers never being able to finish a film until the funding runs out! Or a student on a film production course!
On the subject of filmmakers never finishing tinkering with their films I still feel that the director's cut of this from 2003 is completely unnecessary. Lucas went back to this like the original Star Wars trilogy and added in lots of extra CGI additions that don't add anything new narratively but kind of annoyingly fiddle around the edges of what was already there. There are a lot of shots that try and broaden out the scope of the film with wide vistas and huge banks of workers at their terminals in THX's factory and so on, which feels rather wrongheaded for such an intimate and sparse film in its original version. The mind control scene in its
original version does not have all of the elements of Duvall's eyes rolling back in his head or the shots of the heated radioactive rod that has been dropped burning its way through the electronic equipment. Most egregiously the car chase scene begins with a very fake feeling sequence of
dodging traffic on the city freeways before plunging into the tunnels, as well as climaxing it with a highly unnecessary scene of
CGI characters diving from some scaffolding into a pipe and running away from the scene in the final crash sequence which really undermines the spectacle of the original scene and especially the final crash of the police robot into the car, which was apparently an unplanned accident involving the stunt performer getting thrown off the bike and then trapped between the car and the bike that was left in the film (It was amusing to note how those two clips on YouTube have cut out the best part of the sequence, the long tense wait for the car's engine to cool down!). Lucas has also felt the need to replace the outer shell dwellers who attack THX when he is on foot, which was just hairy midgets in ragged robes in the original film, with CGI mutated monkey men (similar to the way that SEN's attempt to leave the city earlier in the film is aborted when he sees some rats at the end of the train tunnel in the original version, which have to be monstrous mutated abominations in the director's cut. Maybe that puts us more into SEN's mindset perhaps, but I think frankly it felt more impactful seeing SEN react in fear to animals we are familiar with but he had perhaps never seen before rather than actual monsters, and in the end it all feels just like Lucas being unable to stop tinkering and wanting to have fun adding in creatures where he can, as also seen in turning the lizard in the guts of the Jesus booth into a fantastical one with antennae and wings).
Unfortunately as with the original versions of the Star Wars films the original version of THX-1138 is not available anywhere at the moment, with the 2003 augmented director's cut having superceded it. It is still a really worthwhile film to see, but I still hope that one day we'll see a good quality version of the original cut get released alongside the director's cut too, but that is probably a pipe dream unless Criterion or Arrow get their hands on it.